The best known objective personality test is the MMPI. This
test was created primarily to measure psychopathology. It
contains several validity scales to determine if the client is
responding to the questions accurately and truthfully, and it
also contains ten basic clinical scales. Hundreds of additional
scales have been created for the MMPI to measure virtually every
personality trait and emotion conceivable. The MMPI was recently
revised; the MMPI-2 is now the more commonly used edition. The
MMPI is interpreted by looking at scale elevations and
configurations. Although limited interpretation can be done by
computer programs, a skilled psychologist is needed to make
accurate interpretation which take into account a person's
background and other test data. The MCMI-III is another test
similar to the MMPI. It contains scales which closely correspond
to the diagnoses in DSM-IV. It is particularly useful for the
diagnosis of personality disorders. Other objective tests, such
as the 16PF and the Myers-Briggs are more useful for looking at
personality in the normal range, and are more helpful for
counseling as opposed to psychiatric treatment.
Brief Summary of MMPI Scales:
Please note that the following is a very simplistic summary.
If you have your own or someone else's MMPI results you should
not draw conclusions based on what you see below. If you
are not familiar with this test, you should rely on the judgment
of a psychologist who is specifically trained and experienced
with both the MMPI and testing in general. A professional can
take into account demographic and other factors and understands
the psychometric strengths and weakness of this test. S/he can
also interpret score configurations, rather than taking a single
score out of context.
With all that in mind, a high score on these scales indicates:
L: Reluctance to admit minor and common moral weaknesses
F: Tendency to exaggerate problems
K: Reluctance to reveal problems
1: Overconcern regarding physical problems
2: Depression
3: Tendency to repress and deny problems; shallow relationships
4: Rebelliousness; disregard for social conventions; authority
conflict
5: Males: Sensitivity and cultural interests/Females:
Assertiveness
6: Distrust
7: Chronic anxiety and obsessive-compulsive tendencies
8: Feelings of being overwhelmed; loss of contact with reality
9: High energy level which is not directed; grandiosity.
0: Shyness